The textile industry is a vast and complex field, with many specialized terms and jargon used to describe its various processes and products. Some of the most commonly used terminology in the textile industry
Terminology Used In the Textile Industry
PC – Pc means poly cotton. This is the most commonly known and popular fabric. Generally, most of you might have heard, that is pc fabric only. They comprise poly cotton yarn.
PV – Pv means poly viscose fabric which is made of poly viscose yarn and is also called PV fabric.
CP – Cp is the short form of Cotton Poly Fabrics in which cotton yarn is used more and polyester is used in limited quantities. These fabrics are called cp fabrics.
TR – Tr means terry rayon fabric.
GSM – The fabric gsm refers to grams per square meter.
OZ/YARD – oz/yard refers to an ounce per yard.
Color Bleed – Color bleed means the color coming out during the washing of the fabric.
Fabric Shrink – While processing the fabric, it becomes slightly less than its original width and length. This characteristic of the fabric to become shrunk is called fabric shrink.
Color Fastness – Color fastness is the color quality of any fabric whether it will bleed or not.
Knit – The fabric that is made of looping, is called knit fabric.
Woven – Fabrics that are made by weaving are called woven fabrics.
GLM – Fabric glm refers to grams length meter.
RFD – RFD refers to ready for dyeing.
Dyeable Fabric – That fabric that gets dyed during the process. The most generally dyed one is the greige fabric.
Upholstery Fabric – That Fabric is used in home textiles and home decor.
Bio Wash – This is the process of finishing the knit fabric, in which the finish of the fabric is greatly enhanced.
Gingham – The check pattern of gingham woven fabric is called.
Houndstooth – This is literally made by yarn dyeing in woven fabric which is a pattern.
Mandala – Mandala is a pattern of print fabric.
Patchwork – The pattern of patchwork fabric design is called, this fabric is made in both woven and print.
Twill – The view of the weave of a fabric is called a twill weave
Basket – A weave of woven fabric is called a basket weave.
Shirting Fabric – The fabric from which shirts are made is called shirting fabric, normally these fabrics are lightweight and made of cotton.
Suiting Fabric – The fabric which is used in bottoms and pants is called suiting fabric, generally, this fabric is a bit thick and soft.
16 Types of fabric & their uses
Brocade -The pattern of brocade woven fabric is called, such fabric has embroidered and jacquard designs.
Fusing Fabric – The fabric used in interlining is called fusing fabric, these fabrics easily fuse on any material.
Combed – The quality of the yarn called combed yarn is considered good.
Burlap – Burlap fabric is called jute fabric, it is mostly made from natural yarn.
AOP – ALL Over Print. If there is a full print on any fabric, then it is called an all-over print.
Salvage -woven fabric edge is called fabric salvage.
Manmade Fiber -The fibers which are made artificially are called man-made fibers such as polyester & rayon.
EPI – Epi refers to ends per inch.
PPI – Ppi refers to picks per inch.
Weft – the weft is the horizontal yarn in the woven fabric.
Warp – the warp is the vertical yarn in the woven fabric.
Greige Fabrics – that are raw are called greige fabrics. The word greige is made up of grey+beige.
Blend– The fabric blend is the mixture of two or more yarns in the fabric.
That is among the most common materials used in textile production. Understanding these and other key terms is essential for anyone working in or studying the textile industry.